09/06/2021
The history of the production of the car "Ural-4320" with a diesel engine
On November 1, 1977, the first Ural-4320 with a diesel engine rolled off the main assembly line of the Ural Automobile Plant. The Ural-4320 with 6x6 wheel arrangement became the ancestor of a whole series of diesel trucks, and the beginning of its production was one of the main milestones in the history of the Ural automobile plant. Today in our retrospective is the history of dieselization of Miass all-terrain vehicles.
By the mid-70s, the design services of the Ural Automobile Plant were tasked with developing a family of cars with diesel engines. Work on the installation of a diesel engine at the "Ural", to bring its characteristics to the level of future requirements, became a priority at the plant.
From July 1974 to February 1975, acceptance tests of vehicles were carried out, according to the results of which "Ural-4320" and modifications were recommended for production. The mileage for the entire test period was about 35,000 km in hot desert terrain: Miass-Kustanai-Tashkent-Kzyl-Art-Osh-Samarkand-Bukhara-Miass pass. Diesel V-shaped engine with a capacity of 210 hp. ensured high speeds with a load of up to 5 tons both on the road and when going out onto the road (up to 85 km / h), as well as the ability to operate a car without loss of dynamics as part of a road train with a trailer weighing up to 11.5 tons. The basic model of the new family was Ural-4320 (6x6) cross-country tractor vehicle. In the summer of 1976, the control sample was sent for testing in Turkmenistan, in the Chardzhou Desert.
The Ural-4320 vehicle was designed for the transportation of goods, people (the platform is equipped with removable benches for the transportation of 27 people) and for towing trailers on all types of roads and off-road. On December 31, 1975, an order was issued by the Minister of the Automotive Industry on the organization of production of the modernized three-axle Ural-4320 cross-country vehicles, where it was ordered to start production of cars in 1977. Until the end of 1977, 25 Ural-4320 vehicles were assembled, and in 1978 the plant produced 100 diesel vehicles.
On the basis of Ural-4320, a whole family of three-axle vehicles with a diesel engine was created: the Ural-4420 truck tractor designed for towing semi-trailers, the Ural-43202 all-terrain vehicle, the Ural-44202 off-road truck tractor. In addition, various modifications were created for operation in the Far North and southern regions. Every year the volume of production of diesel "Urals" has been continuously increasing, cars have been modernized, the number of their modifications has grown.
Today the all-wheel drive "Ural - 4320" is a powerful and reliable truck designed for the transportation of passengers, various cargoes and towing trailers and trailer systems on all types of roads and terrain, which has all the qualities of the famous Ural brand: maximum cross-country ability, the ability to overcome difficult obstacles , reliability in operation combined with ease of maintenance. The cars of the Ural Automobile Plant are capable of operating at an altitude of up to 4500 m above sea level, at an ambient temperature of -50 to + 50 ° С. Highly installed units and systems sealed to ensure reliable operation, as well as large-diameter tires allow the Ural-4320 to overcome ditches, vertical walls, hills and slopes, water obstacles. The tire pressure control system helps the driver overcome difficult terrain with swampy or loose soil.
High operational efficiency, functionality, reliability and maintainability, cross-country ability on the verge of what is possible for wheeled vehicles ensure wide applicability of Ural-4320 vehicles for various projects important for Russia.
