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Seit 2017 Spezialist für Dellorto SI Vergaser

Tips, Tricks und Zubehör für den typischen Vespa Largeframe Vergaser, damit auch getunte Motoren in allen Bereichen ähnlich optimal performen wie schwächere Motoren ab Werk.

🇩🇪 Ein Luftfilter filtert beim SI nicht nur Luft!Bei den klassischen Vespa-SI-Vergasern übernimmt der Luftfilter eine we...
21/10/2026

🇩🇪 Ein Luftfilter filtert beim SI nicht nur Luft!

Bei den klassischen Vespa-SI-Vergasern übernimmt der Luftfilter eine wesentlich größere Rolle, als man zunächst vermuten würde.

Er hält nicht nur Schmutz zurück. Seine Bauform, Filterfläche und die Abdeckung der Luftkorrekturdüsen beeinflussen auch die Gemischaufbereitung und damit die Motorcharakteristik.

Besonders interessant wird das beim Vergleich von PX 200, T5 125 und Cosa 200.

1. PX 200 – das klassische Luftfilterkonzept

Beim herkömmlichen PX-Luftfilter sind sowohl die Haupt- als auch die Nebenluftkorrektur vom Filtermaterial abgedeckt.

Dadurch hängt die tatsächlich verfügbare Korrekturluft nicht allein von der Größe der jeweiligen Düse ab. Auch die Strömungs- und Druckverhältnisse unter dem Luftfilter spielen eine Rolle.

Die gesamte Vergaserabstimmung ist auf diese Bedingungen ausgelegt.

2. T5 – große Filterfläche, kleiner Motor und kraftstofforientierte Gemischaufbereitung

Die T5 geht einen anderen Weg.

Hier treffen lediglich 125 cm³ Hubraum auf einen großen 24-mm-Vergaser.

Bei vergleichbarer Drehzahl und Schieberöffnung erzeugt der kleine Motor einen geringeren Luftdurchsatz und damit ein schwächeres Drucksignal zur Kraftstoffförderung als beispielsweise ein 200-cm³-Motor mit demselben Vergaserquerschnitt.

Um trotzdem ausreichend Kraftstoff bereitzustellen, muss die Gemischaufbereitung entsprechend ausgelegt werden.

Gleichzeitig soll der kleine Motor hohe Drehzahlen erreichen und entsprechend viel Luft aufnehmen können.

Dafür entwickelte Piaggio eine besondere Kombination:

Der T5-Vergaserkorpus ist gegenüber dem üblichen SI24/24E rund einen Zentimeter niedriger. Dadurch entsteht Platz für einen wesentlich höheren Luftfilter mit größerer wirksamer Filterfläche und integriertem Einlauftrichter.

Diese größere Filterfläche verbessert die Voraussetzungen für eine möglichst ungehinderte Ansaugluftversorgung.

Doch Piaggio verändert nicht nur die Luftversorgung, sondern auch die Gemischaufbereitung.

Die Hauptluftkorrektur wird freigestellt, während die Nebenluftkorrektur weiterhin unter dem Filter bleibt.

Obwohl die Hauptluftkorrektur frei angeströmt wird, verwendet Piaggio eine außergewöhnlich kleine 120er Hauptluftkorrekturdüse – die kleinste innerhalb der hier betrachteten klassischen PX- und T5-Abstimmungen.

Damit wird die frei verfügbare Korrekturluft durch eine entsprechend kleine Düsenbohrung gezielt begrenzt.

Besonders interessant ist das Nebendüsensystem.

Um bei den vergleichsweise niedrigen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten ausreichend Kraftstoff bereitzustellen, verwendet die T5 eine ausgesprochen kraftstofforientierte Abstimmung:

Nebendüse 50/100 – Quotient 0,50.

Die Nebenluftkorrektur bleibt zusätzlich vom Luftfilter abgedeckt.

Hinzu kommt eine weitere konstruktive Besonderheit: Die Leerlaufgemisch-Austrittsbohrung im T5-Vergaser ist mit etwa 1,9 mm gegenüber ungefähr 1,5 mm beim Standard-SI deutlich größer. Das entspricht rund 60 % mehr geometrischer Querschnittsfläche.

Auch der Flachschieber wurde speziell angepasst.

Er besitzt keinen klassischen unteren Cutout zur zusätzlichen Bypass-Luftkorrektur. Stattdessen verfügt die T5 über eine besondere Aussparung im Bereich des Nebendüsensystems.

Diese beeinflusst die Strömungsverhältnisse beim Übergang zwischen Leerlauf- und Nebendüsensystem und lässt sich als Maßnahme zur Harmonisierung der kraftstofforientierten Abstimmung verstehen.

Alle diese Komponenten bilden gemeinsam ein aufeinander abgestimmtes System:

Großzügige Ansaugluftversorgung durch den hohen Filter, eine freigestellte, aber stark begrenzte Hauptluftkorrektur und eine besonders kraftstofforientierte Gemischaufbereitung im unteren Betriebsbereich.

So kann der kleine Motor trotz seines großen Vergasers ausreichend Kraftstoff erhalten und gleichzeitig seine hohe spezifische Leistung entwickeln.

Die T5 erreicht rund 12 PS bei 6.700 U/min.

3. Cosa 200 – kleinere Filterfläche, freigestellte Luftkorrekturen und ein schwereres Fahrzeug

Bei der Cosa verändert Piaggio das Konzept erneut.

Der Motor besitzt rund 200 cm³ und arbeitet ebenfalls mit einem 24-mm-SI-Vergaser. Das Fahrzeug ist allerdings erheblich schwerer als eine klassische PX.

Bei vergleichbaren Betriebsbedingungen erzeugt der größere Motor im gleichen Vergaserquerschnitt höhere Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und stärkere Drucksignale als die kleine T5.

Dadurch ergeben sich andere Voraussetzungen für die Kraftstoffförderung und Gemischaufbereitung.

Anders als bei der T5 verwendet Piaggio einen flacheren, standardähnlichen Luftfilter mit entsprechend kleinerer Filterfläche.

Durch das geöffnete sogenannte Filterherz werden jedoch beide Luftkorrekturen freigestellt.

Sowohl die Haupt- als auch die Nebenluftkorrektur können nun direkter mit Korrekturluft versorgt werden, ohne unmittelbar vom Filtermaterial abgedeckt zu sein.

Zusätzlich besitzt die Cosa eine vorgeschaltete Filterung im Ansaugweg.

Die gesamte Ansaugluftversorgung wird dadurch unter anderen Bedingungen bereitgestellt als bei einer klassischen PX ohne zusätzlichen Vorfilter.

Parallel dazu verändert Piaggio die Düsenbestückung und die Schiebergeometrie.

Besonders interessant ist die Nebendüsenabstimmung der Cosa 200:

Nebendüse 48/140 – Quotient 0,343.

Damit arbeitet sie gegenüber der T5 mit ihrer 50/100-Nebendüse und dem Quotienten 0,50 nominell wesentlich luftorientierter.

Hinzu kommt, dass Piaggio bei der Cosa die Nebenluftkorrektur vollständig freistellt, während sie bei der T5 weiterhin unter dem Luftfilter liegt.

Auch die Schiebergeometrie unterscheidet sich deutlich.

Während die T5 ohne den klassischen unteren Cutout arbeitet, verwendet die PX Lusso bereits eine entsprechende Aussparung zur zusätzlichen Bypass-Luftkorrektur.

Bei der hier betrachteten Cosa-Ausführung ist dieser untere Cutout nochmals erheblich größer.

Dadurch steht im Übergangsbereich zwischen Neben- und Hauptdüsensystem eine stärkere zusätzliche Luftkorrektur zur Verfügung.

Die Kombination aus freigestellter Nebenluftkorrektur, luftorientierter Nebendüsenbestückung und großem Cutout ermöglicht eine magerere Gemischaufbereitung im unteren und mittleren Betriebsbereich.

Diese Auslegung unterstützt eine an das höhere Fahrzeuggewicht angepasste Leistungsentfaltung und Fahrbarkeit, gerade im niedrigen und mittleren Drehzahlbereich.

Die leistungsstärkere Cosa 200 erreicht rund 12 PS bei 6.000 U/min.

4. Drei Luftfilter – drei unterschiedliche Gesamtsysteme

Die Entwicklung zeigt, wie unterschiedlich Piaggio die Luftversorgung und Gemischaufbereitung gestaltet hat.

PX 200: Klassischer Luftfilter mit abgedeckter Haupt- und Nebenluftkorrektur.

T5 125: Besonders große Filterfläche, freigestellte Hauptluftkorrektur mit kleiner 120er Düse und weiterhin abgedeckte Nebenluftkorrektur. Dazu eine kraftstofforientierte Abstimmung für den kleinen, hochdrehenden Motor.

Cosa 200: Flacherer Luftfilter, beide Luftkorrekturen freigestellt, zusätzliche vorgeschaltete Filterung und eine anders ausgelegte Düsen- und Schiebergeometrie.

Der entscheidende Punkt:

Der Luftfilter beeinflusst nicht nur, wie viel Ansaugluft dem Motor zur Verfügung steht. Er verändert auch die Bedingungen, unter denen die beiden Düsensysteme ihre Korrekturluft erhalten.

Eine Luftkorrekturdüse unter dem Filter arbeitet deshalb nicht zwangsläufig genauso wie dieselbe Düse bei freier Anströmung.

5. Was hat LEMARXON daraus übernommen?

Bei der Entwicklung unserer SI-Vergasersysteme haben wir uns intensiv mit diesen unterschiedlichen Piaggio-Konzepten beschäftigt.

Ein besonders interessantes Prinzip finden wir sowohl bei der T5 als auch bei der Cosa: die freigestellten Luftkorrekturen.

Die T5 zeigt, dass eine großzügige Luftversorgung und eine begrenzte Korrekturluftmenge kein Widerspruch sind.

Trotz großer Filterfläche und frei angeströmter Hauptluftkorrektur verwendet Piaggio eine ausgesprochen kleine 120er Hauptluftkorrekturdüse.

Die Cosa zeigt dagegen, wie auch die Nebenluftkorrektur freigestellt und gemeinsam mit der übrigen Vergaserabstimmung an eine andere Motorcharakteristik angepasst werden kann.

Genau diesen Grundgedanken greifen wir bei LEMARXON auf.

Luft und Kraftstoff – haben ist besser als brauchen!

Bei LEMARXON verfolgen wir für beide Versorgungswege denselben Grundgedanken:

Luftversorgung:

Wir stellen dem Motor möglichst großzügig Ansaugluft zur Verfügung, beispielsweise durch große Filterflächen oder eine freie Ansaugung innerhalb der Vergaserwanne bei vorgelagerter Luftfilterung.

Haupt- und Nebenluftkorrektur werden freigestellt und anschließend durch die passenden Luftkorrekturdüsen gezielt dosiert.

Kraftstoffversorgung:

Durch die gezielte Erweiterung der Kraftstoffversorgungskanäle im Vergaser schaffen wir die Voraussetzung, dass auch bei hohem Kraftstoffbedarf ausreichend Kraftstoff zur Verfügung steht.

Die tatsächlich benötigte Kraftstoffmenge wird anschließend über die abgestimmten Düsensysteme dosiert.

Erst ausreichend bereitstellen, dann bedarfsgerecht dosieren.

So werden unnötige Engstellen in der Luft- und Kraftstoffversorgung reduziert, während die Gemischaufbereitung kontrolliert und auf die Anforderungen des jeweiligen Motors abgestimmt werden kann.

Denn Leistung entsteht nicht durch eine möglichst große oder möglichst kleine Düse allein, sondern durch das richtige Zusammenspiel des gesamten Systems.

LEMARXON – Vespa SI Vergasertechnik

19/10/2026

Lemarxon vespa modifying SI carburetors since 2017

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Selfmade engineering build not bought carburetor tuning for aircooled largeframe with dellorto si carburetors 🛵💨💨💨

Work work work and loads of work. 😅To shape the present, you must know the past. Bring back the original feeling and eas...
16/10/2026

Work work work and loads of work. 😅

To shape the present, you must know the past.
Bring back the original feeling and ease of use.

Standardization. Unification. Reliability. Higher load capacity. User-friendliness. Reproducibility.
Ease of maintenance. Broader usable RPM range. Easier handling. Greater safety margins. Improved practicality. Smooth power delivery.
…
by remodelling the framework deep inside Dell‘orto‘s original carburetor which was never designed to meet modern performance requirements.

And then: add the simple improvements around which gain power and performance while staying true to Piaggio’s original engineering philosophy.

Homepage and Carburetor calculator in Progress.

1️⃣⏺️2️⃣3️⃣4️⃣

🇬🇧 An Air Filter Does More Than Just Filter Air on an SI Carburetor!On classic Vespa SI carburetors, the air filter play...
15/10/2026

🇬🇧 An Air Filter Does More Than Just Filter Air on an SI Carburetor!

On classic Vespa SI carburetors, the air filter plays a much bigger role than you might initially think.

It doesn’t just keep dirt out. Its design, filter surface area, and the way it covers the air correction jets also influence mixture preparation and, consequently, engine characteristics.

This becomes particularly interesting when comparing the PX 200, T5 125, and Cosa 200.

1. PX 200 – The Classic Air Filter Concept

On the conventional PX air filter, both the main and idle air correction jets are covered by the filter material.

This means that the actual air available for correction is not determined solely by the size of the respective jets. The airflow and pressure conditions underneath the air filter also play a role.

The entire carburetor setup is calibrated around these conditions.

2. T5 – Large Filter Surface Area, Small Engine, and Fuel-Oriented Mixture Preparation

The T5 takes a different approach.

Here, just 125 cc of engine displacement is combined with a large 24 mm carburetor.

At comparable engine speeds and throttle openings, the smaller engine produces less airflow and therefore a weaker pressure signal for fuel delivery than, for example, a 200 cc engine using the same carburetor diameter.

To ensure sufficient fuel delivery, the mixture preparation must be designed accordingly.

At the same time, the small engine is intended to reach high RPM and therefore needs to be able to draw in plenty of air.

Piaggio developed a special combination to achieve this.

The T5 carburetor body is approximately one centimetre shorter than the conventional SI24/24E. This creates room for a significantly taller air filter with a larger effective filter surface area and an integrated intake bellmouth.

The larger filter surface area provides better conditions for a less restricted intake airflow.

But Piaggio didn’t just change the air supply. It also changed the mixture preparation.

The main air correction jet is exposed to the surrounding air, while the idle air correction jet remains underneath the filter.

Although the main air correction jet is freely exposed to airflow, Piaggio uses an exceptionally small 120 main air correction jet – the smallest among the classic PX and T5 configurations examined here.

This means that the freely available correction air is deliberately restricted by a correspondingly small jet or***ce.

The idle jet system is particularly interesting.

To provide sufficient fuel at comparatively low airflow velocities, the T5 uses a distinctly fuel-oriented setup:

Idle jet 50/100 – ratio 0.50.

The idle air correction jet also remains covered by the air filter.

Another special design feature is the idle mixture outlet bore in the T5 carburetor. At approximately 1.9 mm, it is considerably larger than the roughly 1.5 mm bore found in the standard SI carburetor.

This represents approximately 60% more geometric cross-sectional area.

The throttle slide was also specially adapted.

It does not have the conventional lower cutout for additional bypass air correction. Instead, the T5 features a special recess in the area of the idle jet system.

This affects the airflow conditions during the transition between the idle mixture circuit and the idle jet system and can be understood as a measure to harmonise the fuel-oriented setup.

All these components work together as a coordinated system:

Generous intake airflow through the tall filter, a freely exposed but strongly restricted main air correction jet, and particularly fuel-oriented mixture preparation in the lower operating range.

This allows the small engine to receive sufficient fuel despite its large carburetor while developing its high specific power output.

The T5 produces approximately 12 hp at 6,700 rpm.

3. Cosa 200 – Smaller Filter Surface Area, Exposed Air Correction Jets, and a Heavier Vehicle

With the Cosa, Piaggio changed the concept again.

The engine has approximately 200 cc and also uses a 24 mm SI carburetor. However, the vehicle is considerably heavier than a conventional PX.

Under comparable operating conditions, the larger engine generates higher airflow velocities and stronger pressure signals through the same carburetor cross-section than the smaller T5 engine.

This creates different conditions for fuel delivery and mixture preparation.

Unlike the T5, Piaggio uses a flatter, more conventional air filter with a correspondingly smaller filter surface area.

However, by opening up the so-called air filter heart, both air correction jets are exposed.

Both the main and idle air correction jets can now receive correction air more directly, without being immediately covered by the filter material.

In addition, the Cosa has an upstream air filtration system in the intake path.

As a result, the overall intake air supply operates under different conditions compared with a conventional PX without this additional pre-filter.

At the same time, Piaggio changed the jet configuration and throttle slide geometry.

The idle jet configuration of the Cosa 200 is particularly interesting:

Idle jet 48/140 – ratio 0.343.

Compared with the T5’s 50/100 idle jet and its ratio of 0.50, the Cosa therefore has a nominally much more air-oriented setup.

Furthermore, Piaggio fully exposes the idle air correction jet on the Cosa, whereas it remains covered by the air filter on the T5.

The throttle slide geometry is also significantly different.

While the T5 does not use the conventional lower cutout, the PX Lusso already features a corresponding recess for additional bypass air correction.

On the Cosa version examined here, this lower cutout is considerably larger.

This provides stronger additional air correction in the transition range between the idle and main jet systems.

The combination of an exposed idle air correction jet, air-oriented idle jet configuration, and large cutout allows leaner mixture preparation in the lower and middle operating ranges.

This configuration supports power delivery and rideability adapted to the higher weight of the Cosa, particularly at low and medium engine speeds.

The more powerful Cosa 200 produces approximately 12 hp at 6,000 rpm.

4. Three Air Filters – Three Different Overall Systems

This development shows how differently Piaggio designed the air supply and mixture preparation.

PX 200: Conventional air filter with both the main and idle air correction jets covered.

T5 125: Particularly large filter surface area, exposed main air correction jet with a small 120 jet, and an idle air correction jet that remains covered. Combined with fuel-oriented mixture preparation for the small, high-revving engine.

Cosa 200: Flatter air filter, both air correction jets exposed, additional upstream filtration, and a differently configured jet and throttle slide system.

The key point:

The air filter doesn’t just influence how much intake air is available to the engine. It also changes the conditions under which both jet systems receive their correction air.

An air correction jet located underneath the filter therefore does not necessarily behave the same way as an identical jet exposed to unrestricted airflow.

5. What Has LEMARXON Adopted From These Designs?

During the development of our SI carburetor systems, we have studied these different Piaggio concepts extensively.

One particularly interesting principle can be found in both the T5 and Cosa: exposed air correction jets.

The T5 demonstrates that generous air supply and a restricted amount of correction air are not contradictory.

Despite its large filter surface area and freely exposed main air correction jet, Piaggio uses an exceptionally small 120 main air correction jet.

The Cosa, on the other hand, demonstrates how the idle air correction jet can also be exposed and calibrated together with the rest of the carburetor setup to suit different engine characteristics.

This is precisely the basic principle we have adopted at LEMARXON.

Air and Fuel – Better to Have It Available Than to Need It!

At LEMARXON, we follow the same basic philosophy for both supply systems.

Air Supply:

We aim to provide the engine with a generous supply of intake air, for example through large filter surface areas or an unrestricted intake inside the carburetor box with upstream air filtration.

Both main and idle air correction jets are exposed, and the appropriate air correction jets are then used to meter the correction air precisely.

Fuel Supply:

By selectively enlarging the fuel supply passages inside the carburetor, we ensure that sufficient fuel can be made available even under high fuel demand.

The actual amount of fuel required is then metered by the calibrated jet systems.

First provide sufficient supply capacity – then meter according to demand.

This reduces unnecessary restrictions in both air and fuel delivery while allowing mixture preparation to remain controlled and matched to the requirements of the individual engine.

Because power does not come from simply choosing the largest or smallest jet. It comes from getting the entire system to work together correctly.

LEMARXON – Vespa SI Carburetor Technology

🇬🇧 BE1 to BE6 – What the Numbers Tell Us About Their HistoryAnyone who spends time looking into the classic SI atomiser ...
05/10/2026

🇬🇧 BE1 to BE6 – What the Numbers Tell Us About Their History

Anyone who spends time looking into the classic SI atomiser tubes will sooner or later come across the designations BE1, BE2, BE3, BE4, BE5 and BE6. This quickly raises a question: where does this numerical sequence actually come from when the atomiser tubes differ so significantly in their geometry?

The answer lies less in any technical ranking than in their development history.

At the beginning, two distinct lines can initially be identified. On the smaller 125 and 150 cc Largeframe engines and the smaller SI carburettors – such as the SI 20/15 and 20/17 – we encounter the E1 early on. This line remains in use for many years and can still be found on the later Sprint with the SI 20/17.

In parallel, the designation E2 has also been passed down from this early period. A corresponding relationship between E2 and the later BE2 appears plausible on the basis of the nomenclature, but so far it cannot be traced as clearly as the relationship between E1 and BE1: reliable geometrical data for E2 is lacking. For this reason, E2 is shown in brackets in the later historical numerical sequence.

On the larger engines and carburettors, we find the atomiser tube already designated BE2, for example in combination with the large SI 27/23. In simplified terms, this initially places the smaller engine and smaller carburettor with E1 alongside the larger engine and larger carburettor with BE2.

However, something interesting already happens within the early small-carburettor family: the geometrically closely related BE1 emerges from the E1 environment. The basic three-level structure is retained, but the drillings within this structure are altered. This reveals, very early on, a principle that we will encounter again later: not every further development requires an entirely new level geometry – different atomiser tube variants can also be created within the same basic structure.

With the larger engines, a different development step follows. Within the GS 160 series, Piaggio switched to BE3 during production. This marks the first appearance of BE3 as the next distinct atomiser tube geometry – not with an entirely new model generation, but already during the development of an existing series.

The Rally 180 subsequently provides a particularly interesting intersection. With 180 cc, its engine clearly belongs to the larger family, yet Piaggio uses the smaller SI 20/20. Despite this, it does not receive the E1/BE1 of the small-carburettor family, but BE2. Here, therefore, a large engine and the smaller carburettor class meet.

With the Rally 200, the development then moves completely into the 200 cc family: SI 24/24 and BE3. In the subsequent development, this family is divided into a 10 hp and a 12 hp version. For the 10 hp version, BE4 extends the atomiser tube geometry by another development step, while the more powerful 12 hp version uses BE3.

The T5 represents a second exceptional case. Although, as a 125, it represents a completely different and considerably more rev-oriented engine concept, Piaggio adopts the BE4 from the 10 hp 200. In this respect, the T5 forms something of a counterpart to the Rally 180: there, a large engine meets the small SI 20/20 with BE2; here, a small engine meets the large SI 24/24 G with BE4.

The contrast becomes particularly clear when looking at the main jet stack: the Rally 180 uses 160/BE2/109, with the main air correction still located beneath the filter, whereas the T5 in the oil-injection version considered here uses 120/BE4/112 with an exposed main air correction.

BE5 finally appears in later Piaggio concepts. We find it, for example, on the PX 125 Lusso and the Cosa 125, and later also on the PX 125 with catalytic converter. With BE6, the development eventually returns to the large engine and carburettor family on the Cosa 200.

And with the Cosa, we once again encounter something already seen on the GS 160: changes to the atomiser tube within an ongoing model series. On the Cosa 200, BE6 and BE3 can be found in different factory configurations before Piaggio returns to BE6 and additionally changes the main air correction from 160 to 140. Here too, therefore, not only the atomiser tube itself but also its air correction is used as a development variable. At the same time, this brings us back to the T5, where Piaggio had taken this approach considerably further with the exceptionally small 120 main air correction jet.

Over several decades, this creates the striking historical numerical sequence:

E1/BE1 → (E2)/BE2 → BE3 → BE4 → BE5 → BE6

The brackets around E2 deliberately indicate the point that remains unresolved: E2 is historically documented, and its relationship to the later BE2 appears plausible, but its geometry has not yet been documented sufficiently to trace this transition with the same confidence as the one between E1 and BE1.

From a technical point of view, however, this sequence is not a simple scale. This becomes apparent as soon as we look at the geometry rather than the numbers.

As a basis for understanding this, I use the BE2 with its four possible drilling levels, which I refer to from bottom to top as levels 1 to 4. This numbering is my own explanatory model and not a historical Dell’Orto designation.

Within this level model, both the basic geometries and variants within the same geometry were changed over the decades. This becomes particularly clear with the three-level structure: E1, BE1, BE3, BE5 and BE6 form a geometrically related family. What begins early on with E1 and BE1 therefore continues through BE3 to the later BE5 and BE6 variants.

Development consequently proceeded along two paths at the same time: between different level geometries and within a shared geometrical family.

Looking back, the Rally 180 is a remarkable Piaggio reference example of a basic principle that can also be found in my own development work: a large engine, a comparatively small carburettor and a fuel-oriented atomiser tube geometry – with the aim of creating a torquey, agile engine with a broad usable rev range.

LEMARXON carries this principle forward under modern tuning conditions. Engine capacity increases, engine speeds rise, and the air supply to the engine is optimised and freed from unnecessary restrictions. As a result, the airflow through the comparatively small carburettor increases. This is precisely where my X234 and XX34 atomiser tubes come into play. With the ###4, this geometrical principle is ultimately taken into a particularly extreme range.

This also explains the seemingly mysterious numbering: the designations BE1 to BE6 do not describe a geometrical or functional ranking. Rather, their numbering reflects the historical development of the atomiser tubes.

The numbering shows the historical path. The geometry shows the actual relationship and how they work.

🇮🇹 Da BE1 a BE6 – cosa raccontano i numeri della loro storiaChi si occupa degli emulsionatori classici dei carburatori S...
02/10/2026

🇮🇹 Da BE1 a BE6 – cosa raccontano i numeri della loro storia

Chi si occupa degli emulsionatori classici dei carburatori SI, prima o poi incontra le sigle BE1, BE2, BE3, BE4, BE5 e BE6. A quel punto nasce spontanea una domanda: da dove arriva realmente questa sequenza numerica, se gli emulsionatori sono costruiti con geometrie così diverse tra loro?

La risposta sta meno in una graduatoria tecnica e molto di più nella loro storia evolutiva.

All’inizio si possono riconoscere due linee. Sui motori Largeframe più piccoli da 125 e 150 cm³ e sui carburatori SI di dimensioni minori – per esempio SI 20/15 e 20/17 – compare presto l’E1. Questa linea rimane presente per molti anni e si ritrova ancora sulla successiva Sprint con SI 20/17.

Parallelamente, dello stesso periodo iniziale è tramandata anche la sigla E2. Un collegamento tra E2 e il successivo BE2 appare plausibile già per la nomenclatura, ma finora non è ricostruibile con la stessa chiarezza del rapporto tra E1 e BE1: per l’E2 mancano dati geometrici sufficientemente affidabili. Per questo motivo E2 viene riportato tra parentesi nella successiva sequenza numerica storica.

Sui motori e sui carburatori più grandi troviamo invece l’emulsionatore già denominato BE2, per esempio in abbinamento al grande SI 27/23. Semplificando, all’inizio si affiancano quindi da una parte il motore piccolo con carburatore piccolo ed E1, dall’altra il motore grande con carburatore grande e BE2.

Già all’interno della prima famiglia di carburatori piccoli accade però qualcosa di interessante: dall’ambiente dell’E1 nasce il BE1, geometricamente molto vicino. La struttura di base a tre livelli rimane invariata, mentre all’interno di questa struttura vengono modificati i fori. Si vede quindi molto presto un principio che incontreremo nuovamente in seguito: non ogni evoluzione richiede una geometria completamente nuova dei livelli – varianti differenti di emulsionatore possono nascere anche all’interno della stessa struttura di base.

Sui motori grandi avviene invece un altro passo evolutivo. All’interno della serie GS 160 Piaggio passa internamente al BE3. Il BE3 compare così come successiva geometria autonoma dell’emulsionatore – non soltanto con una nuova generazione di modello, ma già durante l’evoluzione di una serie esistente.

Un punto d’incontro particolarmente interessante è poi la Rally 180. Con i suoi 180 cm³ il motore appartiene chiaramente alla famiglia grande, ma Piaggio utilizza il più piccolo SI 20/20. Nonostante ciò, non riceve l’E1/BE1 della famiglia dei carburatori piccoli, bensì il BE2. Qui si incontrano quindi un motore grande e una classe di carburatore piccola.

Con la Rally 200 si entra poi completamente nella famiglia 200: SI 24/24 e BE3. Nell’evoluzione successiva questa famiglia viene suddivisa in una versione da 10 CV e una da 12 CV. Per la versione da 10 CV, con il BE4 la geometria dell’emulsionatore viene ampliata di un ulteriore passo evolutivo, mentre la più potente versione da 12 CV lavora con il BE3.

Un secondo punto eccezionale è rappresentato dalla T5. Sebbene, come 125, appartenga a un concetto di motore completamente diverso e molto più orientato ai regimi elevati, Piaggio adotta il BE4 della 200 da 10 CV. La T5 forma così, in un certo senso, il contrappunto alla Rally 180: lì il motore grande incontra il piccolo SI 20/20 con BE2; qui il motore piccolo incontra il grande SI 24/24 G con BE4.

Il contrasto diventa particolarmente evidente nella colonna del massimo: la Rally 180 lavora con 160/BE2/109 e con il freno aria ancora coperto dal filtro; la T5, nella versione a miscela qui considerata, utilizza invece 120/BE4/112 con il freno aria libero.

Nei concetti Piaggio successivi compare infine il BE5. Lo troviamo, per esempio, sulla PX 125 Lusso e sulla Cosa 125 e, più tardi, anche sulla PX 125 catalizzata. Con il BE6, sulla Cosa 200, lo sviluppo ritorna infine alla famiglia dei motori e dei carburatori grandi.

E sulla Cosa incontriamo ancora una volta qualcosa che avevamo già visto sulla GS 160: modifiche dell’emulsionatore all’interno di una serie in produzione. Sulla Cosa 200 si trovano BE6 e BE3 in diverse configurazioni di fabbrica, prima che Piaggio torni nuovamente al BE6 modificando inoltre il freno aria da 160 a 140. Anche qui, quindi, non viene utilizzato come parametro evolutivo soltanto l’emulsionatore, ma anche la sua correzione d’aria. In questo modo si chiude contemporaneamente il cerchio con la T5, sulla quale Piaggio aveva spinto questa strada molto più in là con l’eccezionalmente piccolo freno aria da 120.

Nell’arco di diversi decenni nasce così la caratteristica sequenza storica:

E1/BE1 → (E2)/BE2 → BE3 → BE4 → BE5 → BE6

Le parentesi attorno a E2 indicano volutamente il punto ancora aperto: E2 è storicamente documentato e la sua relazione con il successivo BE2 appare plausibile, ma la sua geometria non è ancora documentata in modo sufficiente per ricostruire questo passaggio con la stessa sicurezza con cui si può seguire quello tra E1 e BE1.

Dal punto di vista tecnico, questa serie non è comunque una scala semplice. Lo si vede non appena, invece dei numeri, si osserva la geometria.

Come base di comprensione utilizzo il BE2 con i suoi quattro possibili livelli di foratura, che indico dal basso verso l’alto come livelli da 1 a 4. Questa numerazione è un mio modello esplicativo e non una denominazione storica Dell’Orto.

All’interno di questo modello a livelli, nel corso dei decenni sono state modificate sia le geometrie di base sia le varianti all’interno della stessa geometria. Questo si vede in modo particolarmente chiaro nella struttura a tre livelli: E1, BE1, BE3, BE5 e BE6 formano una famiglia geometricamente imparentata. Ciò che comincia molto presto con E1 e BE1 prosegue quindi attraverso BE3 fino alle varianti più tarde BE5 e BE6.

Lo sviluppo è quindi avvenuto contemporaneamente su due strade: tra geometrie di livelli differenti e all’interno di una stessa famiglia geometrica.

Guardando indietro, la Rally 180 rappresenta un notevole esempio di riferimento Piaggio per un principio fondamentale che ritrovo anche nel mio sviluppo: motore grande, carburatore relativamente piccolo e geometria dell’emulsionatore orientata al carburante – con l’obiettivo di ottenere un motore ricco di coppia, agile e con un ampio arco di utilizzo dei regimi.

LEMARXON porta avanti questo principio nelle attuali condizioni di tuning. La cilindrata aumenta, i regimi salgono e l’alimentazione d’aria del motore viene ottimizzata e liberata da limitazioni inutili. Di conseguenza aumenta la portata d’aria attraverso il carburatore relativamente piccolo. È esattamente qui che intervengono i miei emulsionatori X234 e XX34. Con l’###4, questo principio geometrico viene infine spinto fino a una particolare zona estrema.

Si chiarisce così anche la numerazione apparentemente enigmatica: i valori da BE1 a BE6 non descrivono né una sequenza geometrica né una graduatoria funzionale. Riassumono piuttosto, nella loro denominazione, lo sviluppo storico degli emulsionatori.

La numerazione mostra il percorso storico. La geometria mostra la reale parentela e il modo di funzionamento.

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